Hello, and welcome to the Forum!
Very interesting item, you are showing here.
I'm going out on a limb and say that it may have been a boiler for heating bath water in a tub. Looks to have a valve set up for connecting to regular household natural gas lines, and I'd bet that the secondary tank was originally in a vertical orientation to be immersed in the bath water, while the boiler itself sat horizontal on the edge of the tub and circulated hot water / steam through the secondary tank thus warming the water in the tub. This set up would definitely beat heating water by the bucket on the stove and carrying them to the tub, in houses that didn't have a hot water heater plumbed into the running water lines like we have today.
..... Or Not !?!?!