THE ECLIPSE ADVENTURE THAT SOUGHT TO CONFIRM THE THEORY OF RELATIVITY - 1922
Atlas Obscura.
It took 35 tons of equipment and a lengthy voyage to remote Western Australia.
On August 30, 1922, astronomer William Wallace Campbell arrived at Wallal, Western Australia, for the solar eclipse that would happen three weeks later. It had already been quite a journey.
In July, Campbell—director of California’s Lick Observatory—had sailed roughly 7,500 miles from San Francisco to Sydney. From there, he crossed Australia by train to reach Perth, then traveled north by ship for 10 days to reach the town of Broome.
At this point his expedition party was around 35 people strong: it included his wife, Elizabeth Campbell, and scientists from Australia, India and Canada. From Broome, two boats carrying 35 tons of equipment sailed to Eighty Mile Beach, the final stop before they could reach their destination of Wallal.
Wallal is in a uniquely remote position. To the east is the Great Sandy Desert, an arid landmass larger than the whole of New Zealand.
In perfect conditions, on the afternoon of September 21, 1922, the sky darkened. Months of preparation—and years of attempts—had led Campbell to these 5 minutes and 19 seconds. What he saw that day is now part of the Lick Observatory Collection.
One of his eclipse photographs shows the sun’s corona burning around a dark moon; around it, the sky is dotted with circles. These circles “denote the positions of stars around the edge of the sun, which are only visible at this position when an eclipse occurs,” says Norton. It’s one of her favorite images in the collection. “
“This photo of the total solar eclipse is stunning both from an artistic and scientific point of view—first of all, it’s gorgeous, but more importantly, it confirmed Einstein’s general theory of relativity.”
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